Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 and its various sources

Do you want to know about Vitamin B12-Cyanocobalamin ?. Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble haematopoietic (blood forming) vitamin. Cobalamin contains a corrin ring system with cobalt at the center. Commercial preparations of the vitamin are slightly modified and are known as cyanocobalamin (the cyano=cyanide). The coenzyme forms of the vitamin are 1) methylcobalamin, whereby the cyanide group is replaced by a methyl group and 2) 5′-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, whereby the cyanide group is replaced with 5′-deoxyadenosine.

The functions of cobalamin are 1) as coenzymes in the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine: this reaction requires methylcobalamin and 2) carbon atom rearrangement in methylmalonyl CoA to produce succinyl CoA: this reaction requires deoxyadenosylcobalamin.

To be absorbed by the intestine, vitamin B12 must combine with intrinsic factor, which is produced in the stomach by gastric parietal cells. Vitamin B12 is required for the growth and replication of all cells, including blood cells and is required for the proper functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin B12 is also required for purine and pyrimidine (components of DNA) synthesis and is thus needed for DNA production.

Vitamin B12 metabolism is connected with that of folic acid. In vitamin B12 deficiency, reactions requiring this vitamin decrease, resulting in a subsequent decrease in reactions that convert folic acid to other derivatives. This essentially traps a portion of the folic acid pool to an unusable form. Therefore, sufficient amounts of vitamin B12 must be present in order for folic acid to be utilised.

Good sources of vitamin B12 are animal flesh, since this vitamin is not found in plant sources. Animals obtain their vitamin B12 from their bacterial gut flora. The bacterial gut flora synthesize vitamin B12 and small amounts of other vitamins. Therefore, we can obtain some of our vitamin B12 from our own gut flora, and the rest from animal products, such as liver, whole milk, eggs, seafoods (oysters, shrimp), pork and chicken.
If taken in right way this vitamin can work like a miracle thereby acting as a shield from attacks of diseases.

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